Maths-
SAT
Easy

Question

In the xy-plane, the point (p, r) lies on the line with equation y = x + b, where b is a  constant. The point with coordinates (2p, 5r) lies on the line with equation y = 2x + b. If p ≠ 0, what is the value of r over p?

  1. 2 over 5
  2. 3 over 4
  3. 4 over 3
  4. 5 over 2

The correct answer is: 3 over 4


    If point (p, r), lie on the line with equation y = x + b,
    y = r, and x = p
    r = p + b
    b = r - p ---------- eqn(1)
    Also, (2p, 5r) lies on the line with equation y = 2x + b
    x = 2p, and y = 5r
    5r = 2(2p) + b
    5r = 4p + b
    b = 5r - 4p -------- eqn(2)
    Since eqn(1) and eqn(2) are on the same line, their intercept are the same. That is eqn(1) = eqn(2)
    r - p = 5r - 4p
    - p + 4p = 5r -  r
    3p = 4r
    Thus, r/p = 3/4

    If we have coordinates of two points on a line, then we can use the slope formula to determine that line's slope. m = (y2-y1) / (x2-x1), or the ratio of the change in the y values and the x values, is the slope formula. 'x1' and 'y1' are the coordinates of the first point. The second points have the coordinates x2 and y2. If you have two points, you can always calculate the slope of a line. If you don't have access to two points, you can locate two points on the graph and use those to calculate the slope.
    ¶Observe the following helpful information:
    - m = slope
    ¶-Rise = the difference between the y-values (y- y1), where (x1, y1) = point 1 and (x2, y2) = point 2.
    Run is equal to the difference between x-values (x2 - x1).

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