From which of the following does oxidative phosphorylation usually refers to?

The correct answer is: Anaerobic production of ATP

Oxidative phosphorylation usually refers to the citric acid cycle production of ATP .

• Oxidative phosphorylation refers to the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate by Chemiosmosis.
• It occurs with the help of energy obtained from the oxidation of nutrients by enzymes during cellular respiration. 
• Oxidative phosphorylation refers to the synthesis of ATP driven by proton motive force developed during oxidation of reducing powers such as NADH and FADH₂ through the electron transport chain.
• The use of proton motive force is to drive transport of protons down the concentration gradient and simultaneous ADP phosphorylation represents chemiosmosis.
• The process of oxidative phosphorylation occurs within mitochondria during respiration.
• ATP is synthesized in the F₁ particles located on the cristae in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
• This phosphorylation requires oxygen.
• Phosphorylation occurs with electron transport system.
• Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a selectively permeable membrane down their electrochemical gradient. More specifically, this relates to the ATP generation by the movement of hydrogen ions or a proton motive force across a membrane during cellular respiration

Hence, it is the citric acid cycle production of ATP, which refers to the oxidative phosphorylation.