Maths-
General
Easy

Question

The given graph shows the distribution of number of years of experience for 25 teachers enrolled in an advanced degree program at a particular university. If a 26th teacher with 2 years of experience is added to the program and to the data set, what will be the effect on the mean and median of the data set?

  1. The Mean and Median will both decrease.    
  2. The Mean and Median will both remain the same.    
  3. The Mean will decrease and the Median will remain the same.    
  4. The Mean will remain the same and the Median will decrease.    

The correct answer is: The Mean will decrease and the Median will remain the same.


    Mean of a frequency distribution = fraction numerator sum f subscript i x subscript i over denominator sum f subscript i end fraction
    Median of a frequency distribution = Value of the fraction numerator open parentheses n blank plus blank 1 close parentheses to the power of t h end exponent over denominator 2 end fraction Observation _______________ (odd number of observations)
    Median of a frequency distribution = fraction numerator fraction numerator n over denominator 2 end fraction to the power of t h end exponent blank v a l u e blank plus blank fraction numerator open parentheses n blank plus blank 1 close parentheses to the power of t h end exponent over denominator 2 end fraction blank over denominator 2 end fraction ____________- (even number of observations).
    Data in Ascending order-
    25 observations- 1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,5
    26 observations- 1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,5
    Step-by-step solution:-
    In the given data set,
    Mean of 25 observations = fraction numerator sum f subscript i x subscript i over denominator sum f subscript i end fraction equals fraction numerator open parentheses 4 blank cross times blank 1 close parentheses blank plus blank open parentheses 7 blank cross times blank 2 close parentheses blank plus blank open parentheses 8 blank cross times blank 3 close parentheses blank plus blank open parentheses 4 blank cross times blank 4 close parentheses blank plus left parenthesis 2 blank cross times blank 5 right parenthesis over denominator 4 blank plus blank 7 blank plus blank 8 blank plus blank 4 blank plus blank 2 end fraction equals fraction numerator 4 blank plus blank 14 blank plus blank 24 blank plus blank 16 blank plus blank 10 over denominator 25 end fraction equals 68 over 25 equals 2.72
    Mean of 26 observations = fraction numerator sum f subscript i x subscript i over denominator sum f subscript i end fraction equals fraction numerator open parentheses 4 blank cross times blank 1 close parentheses blank plus blank open parentheses 8 blank cross times blank 2 close parentheses blank plus blank open parentheses 8 blank cross times blank 3 close parentheses blank plus blank open parentheses 4 blank cross times blank 4 close parentheses blank plus left parenthesis 2 blank cross times blank 5 right parenthesis over denominator 4 blank plus blank 8 blank plus blank 8 blank plus blank 4 blank plus blank 2 end fraction equals fraction numerator 4 blank plus blank 16 blank plus blank 24 blank plus blank 16 blank plus blank 10 over denominator 26 end fraction equals 76 over 26 equals 2.69
    Hence, Mean has decreased.
    Median of 25 observations = Value of the fraction numerator left parenthesis n plus 1 right parenthesis over denominator 2 end fraction to the power of text th  end text end exponent Observation = value of fraction numerator left parenthesis 25 blank plus blank 1 right parenthesis to the power of text th  end text end exponent over denominator 2 end fraction observation
    = Value of 13th observation
    = 3
    Median of 26 observations = fraction numerator fraction numerator n over denominator 2 end fraction to the power of t h end exponent blank v a l u e blank plus blank fraction numerator open parentheses n blank plus blank 1 close parentheses to the power of t h end exponent over denominator 2 end fraction blank over denominator 2 end fraction value _____________ (even number of observations).
    fraction numerator equals 26 over 2 text  th value  end text plus open square brackets open parentheses left parenthesis 26 over 2 right parenthesis plus 1 close square brackets close text  th value  end text over denominator 2 end fraction
    equals fraction numerator 13 text  th value  end text plus 14 text  th value  end text over denominator 2 end fraction
    equals fraction numerator 3 plus 3 over denominator 2 end fraction
    fraction numerator 6 over denominator 2 end fraction = 3
    Hence, Median remains the same.
    Final Answer:-
    Option C i.e. The Mean will decrease and the Median will remain the same. is the correct Option.

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