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Question

Use binomial theorem to expand (x - 3)4

hintHint:

The binomial expansion is left parenthesis x plus y right parenthesis to the power of n equals sum from k equals 0 to n of   n C subscript k x to the power of n minus k end exponent y to the power of k , here n ≥ 0 . We are asked to use binomial theorem to expand left parenthesis x minus 3 right parenthesis to the power of 4.

The correct answer is: (x - 3)4 = x4 - 12x3 + 54x2 - 108x + 81



    Step 1 of 2:
    Here, the value of n=4. So, the combination permutation we would use is 4Cr .
    We would have 4+1=5 terms in the expansion of the expression (x - 3)4
    Step 2 of 2:
    Substitute the values of (x - 3)4 in the binomial expansion:

    table attributes columnalign right left right left right left right left right left right left columnspacing 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em 2em 0em end attributes row cell left parenthesis x minus 3 right parenthesis to the power of 4 equals 4 C subscript 0 x to the power of 4 plus 4 C subscript 1 left parenthesis x right parenthesis cubed left parenthesis negative 3 right parenthesis plus 4 C subscript 2 left parenthesis x right parenthesis squared left parenthesis negative 3 right parenthesis squared plus 4 C subscript 3 left parenthesis x right parenthesis left parenthesis negative 3 right parenthesis cubed plus 4 C subscript 4 left parenthesis negative 3 right parenthesis to the power of 4 end cell row cell equals x to the power of 4 plus 4 left parenthesis x right parenthesis cubed left parenthesis negative 3 right parenthesis plus 6 x squared left parenthesis 9 right parenthesis plus 4 left parenthesis x right parenthesis left parenthesis negative 27 right parenthesis plus 1 left parenthesis negative 3 right parenthesis to the power of 4 end cell row cell equals x to the power of 4 minus 12 x cubed plus 54 x squared minus 108 x plus 81 end cell end table
    Thus, the expansion is: left parenthesis x minus 3 right parenthesis to the power of 4 equals x to the power of 4 minus 12 x cubed plus 54 x squared minus 108 x plus 81
     

    For the expansion of an expression (x + y) , we would have n+1 terms. This is something you need to keep in mind.

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