Physics-
General
Easy

Question

The intensity distribution of X-rays from two coolidge tubes operated on different voltages V1 and V2 and using different target materials of atomic numbers Z1 and Z2 is shown in the figure. Which one of the following inequalities is true?

  1. V1 > V2, Z1 < Z2    
  2. V1 > V2, Z1 > Z2    
  3. V1 < V2, Z1 > Z2    
  4. V1 = V2, Z1 < Z2    

The correct answer is: V1 > V2, Z1 < Z2


    lambda fraction numerator h c over denominator e V end fraction subscript m i n end subscript Þlambda proportional to fraction numerator 1 over denominator V end fraction
    because   lambda subscript 2 end subscript greater than lambda subscript 1 end subscript (see graph) ÞV subscript 1 end subscript greater than V subscript 2 end subscript
    square root of nu equals a left parenthesis Z minus b right parenthesis Moseley’s law
    nu proportional to left parenthesis Z minus 1 right parenthesis to the power of 2 end exponentÞ lambda proportional to fraction numerator 1 over denominator left parenthesis Z minus 1 right parenthesis to the power of 2 end exponent end fraction open parentheses because   nu proportional to fraction numerator 1 over denominator lambda end fraction close parentheses
    lambda subscript 1 end subscript greater than lambda subscript 2 end subscript (see graph for characteristic lines) ÞZ subscript 2 end subscript greater than Z subscript 1 end subscript.

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