Maths-
General
Easy

Question

A psychologist set up an experiment to study the tendency of a person to select the first item when presented with a series of items. In the experiment, 300 people were presented with a set of five pictures arranged in random order. Each person was asked to choose the most appealing picture. Of the first 150 participants, 36 chose the first picture in the set. Among the remaining 150 participants, p people chose the first picture in the set. If more than 20% of all participants chose the first picture in the set, which of the following inequalities best describes the possible values of p ?

  1. p > 0.20(300 – 36) , where p ≤ 150
  2. p > 0.20(300 + 36) , where p ≤ 150
  3. p -3 6 > 0.20(300) , where p ≤ 150
  4. p +36 > 0.20(300) , where p ≤ 150

The correct answer is: p +36 > 0.20(300) , where p ≤ 150


    • Of the first 150 participants, 36 chose the first picture in the set, and of the 150 remaining participants, p chose the first picture in the set. Hence, the proportion of the participants who chose the first picture in the set is 
    fraction numerator 36 plus p over denominator 300 end fraction                                
    • Since more than 20% of all the participants chose the first picture, it follows that                          
    • fraction numerator 36 plus p over denominator 300 end fraction> 0.20 .
    Multiplying both sides by 300
    • This inequality can be rewritten as
    p + 36 > 0.20(300)
    Since p is a number of people among the remaining 150 participants, p ≤ 150.

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