Multiplication Patterns: Multiply by Multiples of 10

Introduction:

In this session, you will learn about multiplication by 10 by using place value patterns, place value blocks, and number lines. We will also learn the 10 facts table.

Multiples of 10

• When you multiply any number by 10, you simply add a 0 at the end of the number.
• The multiples of 10 are 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, etc.
• These multiples are obtained when we multiply 10 by 1, 2, 3, …, 10, respectively.
• The rule here is a multiple of 10 always ends in 0.

For Example:

5 × 10 = 50

9 × 10 = 90

Example1:

John runs 10 miles each week. How many miles will he run in 4 weeks?

Solution:

John runs in a week = 10 miles

He will run in 4 weeks = 4 × 10

By using multiples of 10

4 × 10 = 40 miles

Place Value:

Place value is the value of each digit in a number.

The value of every digit in a number is different based on its position.

Place Value through Multiplication:

The following picture shows the Place Value Chart :

Example2:

Find the value of  8 × 10.

Solution:

Multiplication through Place Value is shown in the given picture:

Place Value Blocks:

Place Value Blocks, also known as Base 10 Blocks, is an online mathematical manipulative that helps us to learn addition, subtraction, number sense, place value, and counting.

Example:

Use Place Value Blocks, find 5 × 10

Solution:

5 × 10 is 5 groups of 10 or 50

50 is 10 times greater than 5

5 × 10 = 50

Ten Facts Table:

• When you multiply a number by 10, the number tells us what to record in ten’s place

Number Line:

A number line can be defined as a straight line with numbers placed at equal intervals or segments along its length.

A multiple of 10 is the product of a number multiplied by 10.

10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90….. These are all multiples of 10.

Here we can place the multiples of 10 in the Number Line.

Example:

You can use a Number line to find the product of 5 × 10.

Solution:

Activity:

Take the number in the circle below and multiply the numbers on the track by it. Write down as you go. Use a timer to see how long it takes you to finish the race.

Exercise:

1. Lara must attend a race in which she has to run 10 miles. The race is 7 weeks away. Every week she used to run the same distance she had to run in the race. How many miles did she run and practice in all?
2. Write an addition equation and multiplication equation for the array below.

3. Use a Number line to find the product of 4 × 10.

4. Use Place Value Blocks, Find 9 × 10.

5. Use Place Value Blocks, Find 8 × 10.

6. Use Place Value Blocks, Find 7 × 10.

7. Use a Number line to find the product of 5 × 10.

8. Use a Number line to find the product of 3 × 10.

9. Sara runs 10 miles a week. How many miles did she run in 5 weeks?

10. Joe reads 5 books in a month. How many books did he read in 10 months?

Summary:

• When you multiply anything by 10, you simply add a 0 at the end of the number
• The multiples of 10 are 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, etc.
• Place value is the value of each digit in a number.
• Place Value Blocks also known as Base 10 Blocks.
• A number line can be defined as a straight line with numbers placed at equal intervals or segments along its length