Preparing the first draft is preceded by

Which among the following statement is correct?

The rough draft is also known as

Is Mule a hybrid.

• A mule is a hybrid.
• It is produced when sexual reproduction is performed between a horse and a donkey.
• So a horse and a donkey belong to different species. So they are distinctly related.
• Such offspring are often sterile.
• Mule has traits of both parents. Also it has more physical strength. 

Problems with animals that are selectively bred include:

• Selective breeding was developed in ancient times to get animal with desirable traits.
• But since a long time, selective breeding in animals has caused lesser variety and more similarities.
• Animals of a population are having same kind of traits according to human needs.
• This causes rare genetic disorders in animals. 
• The animal has lesser potential to survive.
• Along with beneficial traits some harmful traits can be passed to the next generation, so the animal may suffer from serious genetic disorder when harmful genes are expressed.

Inbreeding is when __________.

• When two closely related animals like having most of similar characters, from same species or same breed are bred together, this is called inbreeding.
• The produced offspring is homozygous. 
• Because both of the parents have same alleles at a locus. 

The purpose of selective breeding is to:

• For selective breeding human selects organisms having traits that are beneficial for them. 
• So to get these traits in just one organism, a cross is performed between the selected animals.
• This produced organism is having desirable traits and this is called artificial selection.
• Since ancient times human has produced domestic animals and crop plants through selective breeding.

Offspring produced from two different parent types, breeds, or species

• The offspring of two different parents that are from different breeds or species is called a hybrid. 
• Both parents of different types or breeds or species have different genetic compositions.
• They are having different alleles for their genes. 
• So as a result of sexual reproduction the produced offspring is having different alleles at the same loci for a gene. They are heterozygous.
• Also, these offspring have more new genetic combinations and thus more new traits.
• So, that's why these are called hybrids. 

Which of the following best represents inbreeding?

• The organisms which are closely related means have common ancestors and have many similarities in their genomes.
• Because of the same genes most of their traits are similar too.
• So, inbreeding represents crossing or sexual reproduction between similar animals.

Which of the following is NOT a result of selective breeding?

• Insects often match the color of the environment they live.
• This is a kind of adaptation.
• Matching with the color of the environment helps them to hide from the prey.
• So, this kind of change is developed only through natural selection.
• Because these traits help insects to survive.
• So this can not be a result of selective breeding.

Problems with selective breeding include:

• Selective breeding includes processes of inbreeding and hybridization.
• This causes lesser diversity in animals.
• The animals in a population have the same kind of traits and there will be a lack of variety.
• The animals will not be able to evolve.
• During natural selection, such changes or variations are developed in animal that helps them to survive in changing environments.
• But in the absence of natural selection, such variations will not develop and they won't be able to survive in changing conditions.
• So there will be health problems.

The image shows that the wolf is the ancestor to all the breeds of dogs shown below. How did this variation arise in a relatively short period of time?

• Through a selective breeding variety of dogs are developed from a common wolf ancestor.
• Through selective breeding or artificial selection, we can get new varieties in a short period as it is not a natural process.
• For the domestication of animals, such varieties are developed from wild varieties of animals.

Artificial selection is  ______.

• Artificial selection was discovered and explained by scientist Charles Darwin in the 19th century.
• But this process is not a new one and has been used for thousands of years ago.
• Ancient humans developed different breeds of animals and plants from wild ancestors. 
• They developed breeds of animals for domestication and plants for crop production.
• They were familiar with the results of inbreeding and hybridization.

Identify the type of selection in the given image.

• The variety of corns are developed through selective breeding.
• Ancient human developed such breeds of corn according to their needs and benefits.
• Through inbreeding and hybridization such varieties are developed.
• These varieties are able to grow in different soil and climatic conditions. Also, these are resistant for water loss. 

Identify the type of selection in the given image.

• The given image represents that different animals evolved from the same ancestors, and become different in appearance due to migrating to different geographical areas like India, China, America, and Europe.
•  In the second generation, these animals are more varied.
• These variations are caused by random mating in these animals. 
• These variations help these animals to adapt according to the environment.
• So, natural selection can be noticed here as a result of random mating.